Peter and Paul Fortress and the Birthday of St. Petersburg, Russia

The city of St. Petersburg is celebrating its 303the Peter and Paul Fortress was built as a
anniversary this year.fortification construction, it was never used as
Nowadays it is a megapolis with a population ofsuch: never since the 1704 St. Petersburg lands
more that 5 million people, a city with a fascinatingwere under the threat of Swedish invasion.For
history and culture.However, if we could look atalmost two centuries it served as a main political
these lands back in the year 1703, we would findprison of the country. One of the first convicts
vast marshy lands and small villages scatteredbecame Tsarevitch Alexey, the son of Peter I,
here and there.who was against the politics of his father.Among
The foundation of the city dates to the time ofthe famous prisoners of Peter and Paul Fortress
the first construction at this place - Peter and Paulwere Dostoevsky, Gorky, Trotsky and Lenin's
Fortress.Peter and Paul Fortress was founded inolder brother Alexander.The special place in the
May 1703. After the series of successful militaryfortress ensemble belongs to the Cathedral of
actions against Sweden, Russian troops pushedPeter and Paul. It was built in 1713-1733 by
the border far northwest, thus reconstructing thearchitect Tresini on the place of a wooden church,
original boundaries of 1613 and gaining the outletfounded in honor of apostles Peter and Paul. The
to the Baltic sea.Peter the Great, then 31-year-oldcathedral is decorated with gilded spire about 404
Russian emperor, had decided to protect the newft high, topped with the weather vane shaped as
conquered lands by constructing a fortress andan Angel, who is said to watch over and protect
by building a city - port, which very soon hasthe city. The Cathedral of Peter and Paul served
become known as St. Petersburg.The Fortressas a royal burial-vault. The founder of the city,
was named after St. Peter and St. Paul, twoPeter the Great died, while this cathedral was still
highly worshiped saints in Russia. The place thatunfinished. His body was temporally placed in the
was chosen for the fortress was a small island inspecially constructed chapel and then reburied in
the delta of the Neva river called the "Hare" island.the new cathedral.The last burial ceremony in the
The construction works started on May 28, 1703Cathedral of Peter and Paul took place in the
and this date is considered to be the birthday ofsummer of 1998, on the eightieth anniversary of
St. Petersburg.The hexagonal shape of thethe execution of Nicolas II, his wife Alexandra
Fortress made it possible to build in the wholeFedorovna, their children, and servants. The last
territory of the island. First constructions wereRussian Emperor and his family are buried in the
made of earth and wood, but already by 1706 allSt. Catherine chapel of the cathedral.
wooden parts were replaced with stone. Although