| Although Kentucky had been inhabited by Native | | | | of the Union. |
| American peoples since prehistoric times, when | | | | During the American Civil War (1861 to 1865), |
| white settlers began to first arrive in the mid 18th | | | | Kentucky while loyal to the Union, found itself in a |
| century, there were no permanent Native | | | | difficult position as a border state. The state did |
| American settlements in the area. The territory | | | | not secede and initially declared itself neutral. |
| was instead used as hunting grounds by the | | | | However the state was invaded by Confederate |
| Cherokees and Shawnees | | | | forces in September 1861, and the State |
| The first documented expedition to Kentucky | | | | Legislature responded by declaring its allegiance to |
| was by Dr. Thomas Walker in 1750, but the most | | | | the Union. During the war, southern |
| famous of the early explorers was Daniel Boone | | | | sympathesizers attempted to establish an |
| who visited the region on hunting expeditions in | | | | alternative state government (which was in fact |
| 1767, 1769, 1771 and 1772, and in 1773 began the | | | | recognized by, and admitted into the |
| first attempt by British colonists to establish a | | | | Confederacy), and Kentucky contributed troops |
| settlement in Kentucky. | | | | to both the Union and Confederate armies. |
| Most of Kentucky was purchased from the | | | | Following the war, Kentucky, as a former slave |
| Native Americans in the treaties of 1768 and | | | | state, was subject to military occupation and |
| 1775, the latter coming after a brief war | | | | Reconstruction. During this period, the Ku Klux |
| (Dunmore's War) between the Shawnee and the | | | | Klan became active in the state. |
| colonists. During the American Revolution (1775 to | | | | In the first half of the 20th century, Kentucky |
| 1783), there were relatively few white settlers in | | | | began to industrialize with the establishment of a |
| the region, and the Shawnee allied with the British | | | | coal mining industry, the creation of roads to |
| in an attempt to drive them out. | | | | accommodate automobiles, and the building of the |
| The Kentucky settlements were originally parts of | | | | Kentucky Dam on the Tennessee River. |
| Virginia, but following the American Revolution | | | | Industrialization was further boosted during World |
| (1775 to 1783), the residents petitioned for | | | | War II, with Ford's Louisville plant producing more |
| separation from Virginia. Agreement on the terms | | | | than 100,000 jeeps, and the growth of the |
| of separation was reach in 1790, and on June 1st | | | | artificial rubber industry and establishment of an |
| 1792, Kentucky was admitted as the 15th state | | | | ordinance plant (both also in Louisville). |