History of the Computer - Machine Code Programs Part 1 of 3

In previous articles in the History of thein the level of separation from the 'works'. The
Computer series we looked at adding, counting,java programmer does not need to consider how
and memory etc. But what are we going to dothe computer knows when it has finished
with these components? How do they all tiemultiplying two numbers. He doesn't even know
together? What is the connection betweenthat it is multiplying, or even what type of
Windows or a form you fill out for thecomputer his program is running on. The analyst is
Government, and the bits of a computer weaware of how the computer handles the 'bits' and
have looked at?We are looking at general purposeuses this knowledge to make the operation more
commercial computers here, which means that,efficient.We are concerned here with how the
within reason, anyone can buy a computer andcomputer carries out its task, rather than how
use it for their business. For example an oilsomeone might wish to use it, but it is interesting
company might use it to analyse survey resultsto know what may be relying on its smooth
carried out in the South Atlantic. An Airline couldoperation.A program consists of a series of
use it to schedule freight shipments betweencommands to the computer to perform various
Caracas and other South American Airports. Thetasks. As we have seen, the computer works in
same computer could be used to run a bank's'1s and 0s', so its no good feeding a java script on
ATM network. All of these could simultaneouslya card into the slot on the front of the machine,
run what we may consider the most importantlike you may have seen in early black and white
program, the Payroll!How do these users get 'their'movies! There are other programs, like compilers
system to run their business on the sameand interpreters to reduce the 'code' the
computer as another user with an entirelyprogrammer writes to 'machine code'.Different
different business?proprietary systems, like IBM or Univac, had
The answer of course is - software. But what isdifferent architecture - hardware design (and
software?You could ask different people in IT thisdifferent operating systems to make them work).
question, and get different answers. AHowever the principle is the same. We will look at
programmer working in Java sees a differenta small program to see how the computer would
aspect of software from an analyst working onhandle it.In Part 2 we will look at how a machine
the operating system. A different view again iscode program is made up to instruct the
seen by the design engineer making sure thelogic.Tony is an experienced computer engineer.
computer follows its instructions.The difference is